McDonalds Restaurants free essay sample

Reviews some of the difficulties faced by the McDonalds fast food restaurants in the 1990s. The third stage of organization development is closely related to the fourth and final stage of organization development which is the stage of evaluating and institutionalizing change. This stage involves monitoring the overall success or failure of the change. It is also important in the third and fourth stages that the change is overseen by qualified leadership. As was mentioned above, this is less of a problem for McDonalds Corporation than it might be for other corporations who do not have an organization development specialist as part of their full-time staff.

how technology affects my life essays

how technology affects my life essays Try imagining your life without technology. Without alarm clocks, refrigerators, computers, telephones and so on. It would be very different from what we are accustomed to today. The truth is, all of us rely on technology a great deal to get through the day. Whether it's at work, at home, or at school, I know my family depends greatly on technology. Without technology our lives would all be much different. My sisters and I use technology at school a lot. We are always on the computers doing research and typing papers. As a student, I am in web page design class where I use computers everyday. My sister Kelly is in her school's web club where she also uses the computers. At school, computers are not the only type of technology we use. At games we use the scoreboard. In math class, we use claculators and during some classes, we listen to books on tape or audio tests. I think that without technology, school would be much more difficult. At home we use technology a great deal. In order to wake up in the morning, we all depend on alarm clocks to wake us up. We have refrigerators to keep all of our food cold. We also use the computer a lot. We are always looking up things for school, talking to friends, or playing games. We use cell phones to keep in touch with everyone too. We use CD players to listen to our favortie music. And of course we use the televison to watch all of our favorite shows, and what's TV without a remote? We use that too. Technology is everywhere you look inside of my house and it helps us get through the day much easier. Technology affects my life in so many ways. It also affects the lives of other people such as the ones in my familyTechnology helps us so much and sometimes we take it for granted. I know that doing this essay has shown me not to take the technological advances we have today for granted becuase someone had to come up with those ideas. I am very thankful to all of the people for making my life ...

The Registration Statement (form s-1) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Registration Statement (form s-1) - Essay Example From this perspective, the registration statement form successfully takes an enterprise â€Å"off the shelf† and into a certain market officially (Miller 506). When the Security Act of 1933 takes a business off the shelf, it normally offers them a base prospectus and supplement for a deeper understanding of public trading. Even though the goal of the 1933 Security Act was to allow a prospective procurement, it is not realized all the time. I believe this unsuccessful aspect of the law is brought about by the complicated nature of the registration statement. A business needs to be able to make a logical deduction bent on reliable data, which registration requirements included in the registration statement form often constraint. For instance, an issuer might be unwilling to engage true weaknesses in an activity. As a result, he or she uses the complicated registration statement form to delay the process while adhering to the law theoretically (Miller

Ethics and God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics and God - Essay Example The question here is, â€Å"Who decides the ethical standards for humans?† Certainly, the answer is God Almighty! There are various religions in this world, that differ in their intrinsic concepts, beliefs, trends, traditions, teachings, norms and values. However, almost all religions have one thing in common, what is good is appreciated by all religions and what is bad is condemned by all in general. Religion serves as the standard institution for the followers. The fundamental concept of a religion is that there is a God, or Gods (as some religions may emphasize), who has laid out certain standards for the followers. God clearly conveys through the religion what is good and what is bad. In addition to that, God has also inculcated a sense in humans so that they may differentiate between right and wrong. When people believe in God, they tend to respect ethics because they have fear of God. Thus, ethics cultivates in the society and becomes a standard for the people to abide b y. For example, murder is considered wrong â€Å"not just† because it is against humanity, â€Å"but also† because it is condemned by God, and God has inflicted punishment of burning in the hell for those who kill others (Baumgarth and Regan). If some people do not believe in God, they would still have a sense to distinguish between right and wrong.

Critically evaluate information-processing accounts of cognitive Essay

Critically evaluate information-processing accounts of cognitive development - Essay Example The first major formulation of a developmental psychology was completed by Jean Piaget, who uses a system of schemas to describe the development of the mind from birth to adulthood. He broke this development down into four stages: the sensorimotor, the preoperational, the concrete operational, and the formal operational, each of which is described by a certain set of cognitive processes which are matched with an empirical task that can detect those processes in action (Hestenes). The driving force that makes a person progress within stages, or from one stage to the next, is called â€Å"equilibration† or â€Å"self-regulation† (Hestenes). In other words, a person finds a way to resolve apparent inconsistencies in the way in which s/he views the world, and this resolution brings progress. Another way to describe this process is defining growth as a â€Å"process resulting from the recurrent destabilization of the existing structure by novel and unexpected features of wo rld objects, followed by the subsequent generation of a more powerful structure† (Verillon). This sense of personal agency is crucial in the development of a healthy sense of dualism between self and world, and of the ability to make judgments about the physical and mental world (Russell). The idea of the learner as an active participant, rather than a passive receptacle for information, was revolutionary in educational circles in Piaget’s day, and eld to widespread revisions in the way that children were educated (Nurrenbern). This process is inconsistent in speed and can bring about quite abrupt transformations, in Piaget’s view. Information-processing approaches came about, as thinkers attempted to apply Piaget’s theories in ways that could be empirically tested. Some of these information-processing experiments found find nothing wrong with Piaget’s theories. Parisi and Schlesinger developed an Artificial

Applications Of Remote Sensing Environmental Sciences Essay

Applications Of Remote Sensing Environmental Sciences Essay Remote sensing technique has emerged as an effective tool for systematic survey, analysis, and better management of natural resources (land, soil, water, forests, mountains) along with the monitoring of desertification, flood, drought, and landform change. It provides a vast scope to explore, identify, and analyze the natural resources of undeveloped regions. It documents the dynamic changes in physical processes and resulting landforms, usually by satellite images. This paper provides a general overview of remote sensing. While this technique has been used on beaches, valleys, and other landforms, the main concern of this paper is its role in geography. Key Words: Remote Sensing, Geography, Application Introduction Despite advances in geographical studies, the methods of traditional geography have become insufficient to apprehend its reality and complexity, considering technological and scientific changes that have happened in the last 30 years. However, this does not mean that these changes are not useful for geographic research. This has become evident now that Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are developing spatial studies to appeal to such technologies as remote sensing and computer sciences (MEC, 1999). This paper focuses on a particular research tool for geographic research known as remote sensing. This benefits the study of geography in many ways, especially as a research tool, a tool for collecting high quality data, and a tool that aids in the reasoning process. It achieves these tasks by virtue of its spacial and temporal coverage (Rhoads, 2004; Doreen, 2009). Geographers increasingly use remotely sensed data to obtain information about the earths land surface, ocean, and atmosphere because it supplies objective information at a variety of spatial scales (local to global), provides a synoptic view of the area of interest, allows access to distant/inaccessible sites, provides spectral information outside the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, and facilitates studies of how features change over time. This data may be analyzed independently or in conjunction with other digital data layers (e.g. in a GIS). General Overview of Remote Sensing Although this paper is mainly concerned with remote sensing used for geography, the field of remote sensing is very wide in data acquisition methods, data processing procedures, and various techniques and applications. Therefore, it is useful to provide a general overview about several important topics regarding remote sensing of the surface of the earth. The text also attempts to give the reader an understanding of the capabilities and limitations of remote sensing. Very few equations and formulas will be given in the text, as the focus will be on understanding the basic ideas. Remote sensing is defined according to certain functions. It involves acquiring the information of an objects property by a device not in contact with that object under study. This involves the utilization at a distance of any device for gathering information pertinent to the environment, such as measurements of force fields, electromagnetic radiation, or acoustic energy for aircraft, spacecrafts, or ships. The technique employs such devices as a cameras, lasers, radio frequency receivers, radar systems, sonars, seismographs, gravimeters, magnetometers, and scintillation counters. Some examples of remote sensing applications are given in the areas that have importance for the geographers. Due to the wide scope covered, the subjects could not be covered in detail and the interested reader should turn to the relevant literature (Lillesand Kiefer, 2000; Sabins, 2007; Jenson, 2007; Longley et. al., 2005; Shukla Pathak 2009). As humans, we are intimately familiar with remote sensing in that we rely on visual perception to provide us with much of the information about our surroundings. As sensors, however, our eyes are greatly limited by sensitivity to only the visible range of electromagnetic energy, viewing perspectives dictated by the location of our bodies, and the inability to form a lasting record of what we view. Because of these limitations, humans have continuously sought to develop the technological means to increase our ability to record the physical properties of our environment. Beginning with the early use of aerial photography, remote sensing has been recognized as a valuable tool for viewing, analyzing, characterizing, and making decisions about our environment. In the past few decades, remote sensing technology has advanced on three fronts: from predominantly military uses to a variety of environmental analysis applications that relate to land, ocean, and atmosphere issues; from analogue photographic systems to sensors that convert energy from many parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to electronic signals; and from aircraft to satellite platforms. 1.1 Modern Advantages of Remote Sensing Remote sensing technology is becoming more important in geography due to attention being paid to the latest information, planning, and management for public and private interests. It is most useful for natural resource management, sustainable development, environmental degradation, and disaster management. Its satellite data are used as basic inputs for the inventory of natural resources and development processes like agriculture, soil, forestry, and geology (Chavez et al., 1977). There are other important technologies that are available to geographers as well, such as maps, aerial photography/photogrammetry/pictometry, SAR, LiDAR, SONAR, and GIS. The next section discusses the technologies mentioned above along with the similarities and differences between them and the field of remote sensing. 1.1.1 Maps: According to the International Cartographic Union, a map is a conventionalised image representing selected features or characteristics of geographical reality, designed for use when spatial relationships are of primary importance. This definition declares that in every map there is scientific accuracy and a process of selection present (symbolization, abstraction, generalization). However, the International Cartographic Union adds that a map shows us the world as we know it, and what we know is a very complex subject that is comprised of: The limits of matter, technology, and our measurement tools; what we believe that exists; what we think to be important; and what we want and aspire to. Thus, a map is subjective, for we always decide what to put on it and how to represent it. A remote sensing image, in contrast, is an objective recording of the electromagnetic reaching the sensor. Another important difference is that a map is a projection of the earth on paper without a ny relief displacements, while in a remote sensing image it is a projection of relief displacements and geometrical distortions. 1.1.2 Aerial Photography/Photogrammetry/Pictometry: These systems gather data about the upper surface of the earth by measuring the electromagnetic radiation from airborne systems. The major differences are detailed below: Aerial photos are taken by an analogue instrument (the film of a photogrammetric camera), then scanned to be transformed to digital media. The advantage of a film is its high resolution (granularity), while the advantage of the CCD is that we measure quantitatively the radiation reaching the sensor (radiance values, instead of a gray-value scale bar). Thus, remote sensing data can be integrated into physical equations of energy-balance. An aerial photograph is a central projection, with the whole picture taken at one instance. A remote sensing image is created line after line, so the geometrical correction is much more complex, with each pixel needing to be treated as a central projection. Aerial photographs usually gather data only in the visible spectrum, while remote sensing sensors can be designed to measure radiation along the electromagnetic spectrum. Pictometry  is the name of a patented  aerial image  capture process of the Pictometry International Corp., USA. It produces imagery showing the fronts and sides of objects and locations on the ground. Images are captured by low-flying airplanes, depicting up to 12 oblique  perspectives as well as an  orthogonal  view of every location flown. These perspectives can then be stitched together to create composite aerial maps that seamlessly cover large areas. Pictometry imagery can be overlaid with various shape files because every pixel is  georeferenced  to its exact location on the earth.  This allows pictometry imagery to be integrated into many existing  GIS  software applications  for use in many areas.  Direct measurements can be made on pictometry imagery that includes area, distance, height, elevation, pitch, and bearing (http://www.pictometry.com). 1.1.3 SAR: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides imagery during night or in bad weather as well as during the day. SAR images can be utilized for earth resource mapping and environmental monitoring, which require broad-area imaging at high resolutions. Synthetic aperture radar complements photographic and other optical imaging capabilities because of the minimum constraints on the time-of-day, atmospheric conditions, and unique responses of terrain/cultural targets to radar frequencies. Synthetic aperture radar technology can provide terrain structural information to geologists for mineral exploration, oil spill boundaries on water to environmentalists, ice hazard maps to navigators, and reconnaissance-targeting information to military operations. 1.1.4 LiDAR: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is another technique that offers several advantages over the conventional methods of topographic data collection. This technique provides data with higher density, higher accuracy, less time for data processing, light independence, and minimum ground control points required. Due to these characteristics, LiDAR is complementing conventional techniques in some applications while completely replacing them in several others.  Various applications where LiDAR data are being used are geomorphology, glacier studies, forest biomass mapping, and generation of the digital elevation model.   1.1.5 SONAR: The SONAR can also be considered as remote sensing by studying the surfaces of the sea (bathymetry and sea bed features) from a distance. The SONAR is an active type of remote sensing but with sound waves instead of electromagnetic radiation (like Radar, it does not depend on an external source of waves). Both systems transmit waves through an interfering medium (water, air) that adds noise to the data. For corrections, these must be applied to the raw data collected. In remote sensing, however, RADAR is considered to be almost weather-independent, and atmospheric disturbances affect mainly passive remote sensing. To make these necessary corrections, both systems depend on calibration from field data (be it salinity, temperature, pressure measured by the ship while surveying, or measurements of the atmospheric profile parameters by a meteorological radiosonde). There are some notable differences between SONARs and RADARs. SONARs are mainly used to produce the bathymetry of the sea, while remote sensing techniques focus more on identification of the materials properties than on its height.Echo-sounders (single or multi-beam) can be compared to Airborne Laser Scanning both of them create point (vector) data containing X, Y, Z that need to be further processed in order to remove noise (spikes). An added complexity when dealing with bathymetry (as opposed to topography) is the need for tide corrections. Another major difference is that in remote sensing the results of the analysis can be compared easily to the field (aerial photos, maps, field measurements), while in SONAR the underlying bottom of the sea is hidden from us, and we depend totally on the data gathered. 1.1.6 GIS: GIS is a combination of hardware and software that enables: The collection of spatial data from different sources (remote sensing being one of them). It relates spatial/tabular data, performs spacial/tabular analysis, and designs the layout of a map. A GIS software can handle both vector and raster data. Remote sensing data belong to the raster type and usually require special data manipulation procedures that a regular GIS does not offer. However, after a remote sensing analysis has been done, its results are usually combined within a GIS or into a database of an area for further analysis (possibly overlaying with other layers). In the last few years, more and more vector capabilities have been added to remote sensing software, and some remote sensing functions are inserted into GIS modules. General Remote Sensing Applications: Each application itself has specific demands for spectral resolution, spatial resolution, and temporal resolution of the satellite sensor. There can be many applications for remote sensing in different fields. Some of them are described below. 1.2.1 Agriculture: Agriculture plays a dominant role in the economies of both developed and undeveloped countries. Satellite and airborne images are used as mapping tools to classify crops, examine their health, examine their viability, and monitor farming practices. Agricultural applications of remote sensing include crop type classification, crop condition assessment, crop yield estimation, mapping of soil characteristics, mapping of soil management practices, and compliance monitoring (farming practices). 1.2.2 Forestry: Forests are a valuable resource for providing food, shelter, wildlife habitat, fuel, and daily supplies (such as medicinal ingredients and paper). Forests play an important role in balancing the earths CO2 supply and exchange, acting as a key link between the atmosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere. Forestry applications of remote sensing include the following: Reconnaissance mapping: Objectives to be met by national environment agencies include forest cover updating, depletion monitoring, and measuring biophysical properties of forest stands. Commercial forestry: Of importance to commercial forestry companies and to resource management agencies are inventory and mapping applications. These include collecting harvest information, updating inventory information for timber supply, broad forest type, vegetation density, and biomass measurements. Environmental monitoring: Conservation authorities are concerned with monitoring the quantity, health, and diversity of the earths forests. 1.2.3 Geology: Geology involves the study of landforms, structures, and the subsurface to understand physical processes that create and modify the earths crust. It is most commonly understood as the exploration and exploitation of mineral/hydrocarbon resources to improve the standard of living in society. Geological applications of remote sensing include the following: Bedrock mapping, lithological mapping, â‚ ¬Ã‚  structural mapping, sand and gravel exploration/ exploitation, mineral exploration, hydrocarbon exploration, environmental geology, geobotany, baseline infrastructure, sedimentation monitoring, event/monitoring, geo-hazard mapping, and planetary mapping. 1.2.4 Hydrology: Hydrology is the study of water on the earths surface, whether flowing above ground, frozen in ice or snow, or retained by soil. Examples of hydrological applications include wetlands monitoring, soil moisture estimation, snow pack monitoring, measuring snow thickness, determining the snow-water equivalent, ice monitoring, flood monitoring, glacier dynamics monitoring (surges, ablation), â‚ ¬Ã‚  river/delta change detection, drainage basin mapping, watershed modelling, irrigation canal leakage detection, and irrigation scheduling. 1.2.5 Sea Ice: Ice covers a substantial part of the earths surface and is a major factor in commercial fishing/shipping industries, Coast Guard operations, and global climate change studies. Examples of sea ice information and applications include ice concentration, ice type/age/motion, iceberg detection, surface topographyâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  tactical identification of leads, navigation, safe shipping routes, ice condition, historical ice, iceberg conditions, dynamics for planning purposes, wildlife habitat, pollution monitoring, and meteorological change research. 1.2.6 Land Cover and Land Use: Although the terms land cover and land uses are often used interchangeably, their actual meanings are quite distinct. Land cover refers to the surface cover on the ground, while land use refers to the purpose the land serves. The properties measured with remote sensing techniques relate to land cover from which land use can be inferred, particularly with ancillary data or a priori knowledge. Land use applications of remote sensing include â‚ ¬Ã‚  natural resource management, wildlife habitat protection, baseline mapping for GIS input, urban expansion, logistics planning for seismic/exploration/resource extraction activities, damage delineation (tornadoes, flooding, volcanic, seismic, fire), legal boundaries for tax/property evaluation, target detection, and identification of landing strips, roads, clearings, bridges, and land/water interface. 1.2.7 Mapping: Mapping constitutes an integral component of the process of managing land resources, with mapped information the common product of the analysis of remotely sensed data. Mapping applications of remote sensing include the following:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Planimetry: Land surveying techniques accompanied by the use of a GPS can be used to meet high accuracy requirements, but limitations include cost effectiveness and difficulties in attempting to map large or remote areas. Remote sensing provides a means of identifying planimetric data in an efficient manner, so imagery is available in varying scales to meet the requirements of many different users. Defence applications typify the scope of planimetry applications, such as extracting transportation route information, building/facilities locations, urban infrastructure, and general land cover.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Digital elevation models (DEMs): Generating DEMs from remotely sensed data can be cost effective and efficient. A variety of sensors and methodologies to generate such models are available for mapping applications. Two primary methods of generating elevation data are stereogrammetry techniques using airphotos (photogrammetry), VIR imagery, radar data (radargrammetry), and radar interferometry.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Baseline topographic mapping: As a base map, imagery provides ancillary information to the extracted planimetric detail. Sensitivity to surface expression makes radar a useful tool for creating base maps and providing reconnaissance abilities for hydrocarbon/mineralogical companies involved in exploration activities. This is particularly true in remote northern regions where vegetation cover does not mask the microtopography and where information may be sparse. 1.2.8 Oceans Coastal Monitoring: The oceans provide valuable food-biophysical resources, serve as transportation routes, are crucially important in weather system formation and CO2 storage, and are an important link in the earths hydrological balance. Coastlines are environmentally sensitive interfaces between the ocean and land, and they respond to changes brought about by economic development and changing land-use patterns. Often coastlines are also biologically diverse inter-tidal zones and can be highly urbanized. Ocean applications of remote sensing include the following:  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ocean pattern identification:â‚ ¬Ã‚  Currents, regional circulation patterns, shears, frontal zones, internal waves, gravity waves, eddies, upwelling zones, and shallow water bathymetry.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Storm forecasting: Wind and wave retrieval.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Fish stock and marine mammal assessment: Water temperature monitoring, water quality, ocean productivity, phytoplankton concentration, drift,â‚ ¬Ã‚  Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  aquaculture inventory, and monitoring.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Oil spill: Predicting the oil spill extent and drift, strategic support for oil spill emergency response decisions, and identification of natural oil seepage areas for exploration.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Shipping:â‚ ¬Ã‚  Navigation routing, traffic density studies, operational fisheries surveillance, and near-shore bathymetry mapping. General Observations on Remote Sensing in Geography Higgitt Warburton (1999) have argued that remote sensing techniques provide fresh insights in geography in four main ways: They provide new applications for geography. They provide new and improved accuracy of measurement. They provide new data that allow the investigation of ideas that were previously untestable. They involve the development of data processing capability. Application of Remote Sensing in Geography Geographic applications of remotely sensed data typically take one of four explanatory forms: Remote sensing images have specific uses within various fields of geographical study. Remote sensing data possess advantages over conventional data and can provide multispectral, multidata, and multisensor information. This data is very useful in the agricultural fields for the crop type classification, crop condition assessment, crop yield estimation, and soil mapping. In geology, remote sensing can be applied to analyze large, remote areas. Remote sensing interpretation also makes it easy for geologists to identify an areas rock types, geomorphology, and changes from natural events such as a flood, erosion, or landslide. The interpretation of remote sensing images allows physical- and biogeographers, ecologists, agricultural researchers, and foresters to easily detect what vegetation is present in certain areas, its growth potential, and sometimes what conditions are conducive to its being there. Additionally, those studying urban land use applications are also concerned with remote sensing because it allows them to easily pick out which land uses are present in an area. This can then be used as data in city planning applications and in the study of species habitat. Conclusion Remote sensing data has proven to be an important tool in geography. Multi-temporal satellite data help to delineate the various change of the earth surface. Remote sensing has progressively expended applications in various fields such as urban-regional planning, utilities planning, health planning, geomorphology, and resource planning. Because of its varied applications and ability to allow users to collect, interpret, and manipulate data over dangerous areas, remote sensing has become a useful tool for all geographers, regardless of their concentration.

Women in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodman Brown

â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and Women  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the attitudes of the young Puritan husband Goodman Brown toward women, of the author toward women, of   other characters in the story toward women? This essay intends to answer that question.    Randall Stewart in â€Å"Hawthorne’s Female Characters† states that there are three types of female characters in Hawthorne’s writings: (1) â€Å"the wholesome New England girl, bright, sensible and self-reliant;† (2) â€Å"the frail, sylph-like creature, easily swayed by a stronger personality;† and (3) â€Å"the woman with an exotic richness in her nature† (98), and that â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† has in Faith â€Å"cheerfulness, prettiness, and a simple-minded domesticity† (99). So this categorizes her under type (1).    In Salem village that fateful night when the young Puritan husband was departing home for the night, he exchanged â€Å"a parting kiss with his young wife.† From this we can conclude that he had a basic respect for her feelings(?) The wind was playing with â€Å"the pink ribbons of her cap.† Literary critic Wagenknecht surveys some of the critical interpretation relative to these ribbons:    Mathews finds the pastel of infancy in pink, but since pink is a color intermediate between red and white, William V. Davis prefers to take it as suggesting â€Å"neither total depravity nor innocence† but â€Å"the tainted innocence, the spiritual imperfection of mankind,† a view shared, up to a point, by Robinson. . . . (62).      So the critics would have us believe that the author is making a statement here: that seemingly good Faith is not all that good, based on the author’s placement of pink ribbons on her cap. She whispered, â€Å"Dearest heart, prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep... ...tially.      BIBLIOGRAPHY    Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Complete Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Doubleday and Co., Inc.,1959.    Lang, H.J.. â€Å"How Ambiguous is Hawthorne?† In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Leavis, Q.D. â€Å"Hawthorne as Poet.† In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Martin, Terence â€Å"Six Tales.† In Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Twayne Publishers Inc., 1965.    Stewart, Randall. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Female Characters.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne – The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York: Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Hobbes and Locke Essay

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke are indeed, two of the most brilliant philosophers that ever existed. They may have similarities and differences between them, but it is undeniable that their ideas contributed a lot in shaping the modern world. Both Hobbes and Locke perceive man as a central figure in a society. For Hobbes, it is man’s nature to be mindful of him exclusively, with self-interest going above everything else. On the other hand, Locke perceives man as both self-interested and concerned about other people. The two really have similarities and differences, but in order to know more about them, we need to compare their stand about various aspects of society. One important aspect that we could consider is sovereignty (Williams, 2006). Hobbes made it clear in his Leviathan that a political society’s sole task was to identify a person or a group as the sovereign. This pertains to an election of some sort, which would determine who would be the sovereign. Hobbes regards this sovereign as someone with absolute power, and that every person in the society should give him/them their absolute obedience. For Hobbes, the only time that the people would be sovereign is when they choose who will be the distinguished sovereign of all. Locke on the other hand, would put the public good above all else, thus affecting his notion of sovereignty (â€Å"John Locke,† 2004). In Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, he recognizes the permanence and irrevocability of the social contract, but this limits the legislation only for public good. If and whenever the public trust is violated, say perhaps the people in power overlooked the public good, then they would have to answer to the people. They retained the power to remove or replace the legislative, considered to be sovereign, with a new legislative. Though it is unclear in Locke’s writings, he somehow deposits sovereignty in the people. He recognizes the sovereignty that a legislative may have, but still, it is in the hands of the people to correct any inappropriate actions that violate the public good. Another aspect that we could use to compare Locke and Hobbes is their idea about government. But before that, we need to consider first how these two look at the natural law that all men follow. For Hobbes, man follows a naturally law that eventually leads to a state of war. Their equality leads to conflict between each other, eventually leading to war and chaos. Locke on the other hand, would consider man’s natural law as a movement towards equality and freedom. Both men draw their ideas about the government from their concept of natural law. For Hobbes, government is important because it can be used to control natural law. For Locke on the other hand, government is important in order to preserve natural law. In relation to this, another aspect that we can consider in comparing Hobbes and Locke is their idea about rights. Thomas Hobbes believed that the natural law that man follows result from the rights possessed by each person to do everything in the world. Since they’re allowed to do whatever they want because of the rights they possess, conflict would be unavoidable. In order to avoid this state of war, man follows a social contract in order to create a civil society. This requires them to forfeit or cede some of their natural rights in order to be protected. This somehow controls them from exercising all of their rights, but somehow protecting them from the impending destruction that results from conflicts and wars. As for John Locke, he believes that all of us possess Natural Rights, which is brought about by the state of nature that we follow in the society. These include the right to life, liberty, and property. Both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke believe that all men are equal according to the natural law. For Hobbes however, this equality is seen in a state of war, caused by man’s right to everything. These rights lead them into conflict and boils down to chaos. Still, Hobbes believe that this state of war to be an equal field, wherein the weakest can still kill the strongest. There is no one above others in this state of war. He also believes that all man is sensible by nature, and can agree upon each other to avoid these constant wars. Locke on the other hand, sees man optimistically, wherein they are governed according to reason, thus coexisting equally and peacefully. They are all equal in terms of the rights they possess, thus putting them on the same level as everyone else. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both agree on the importance of civilizing man. It either control or preserve natural law, either way, it is beneficial. Putting this on the idea of â€Å"the savage†, we can see that they give emphasis on the importance of civilizing man because it makes him better. We can say that for these two, man can’t do away with the social establishments that he created, including the government and their notion of sovereignty, as it preserves and promote order in the society, something that both philosophers can somehow agree upon.

Stroke Incident essays

Stroke Incident essays Strokes, also referred to as a brain attack, deal with a problem with the blood supply to the brain. It is the third leading cause of death in the United States costing $30 billion a year. It strikes about 700,000 Americans each year, killing 160,000 victims annually. Twenty-percent of cases result because of internal bleeding within the brain. The other 80% of all strokes are associated with blockages in the carotid arteries and are preventable! On average, someone in the U.S. suffers a stroke every 53 seconds. Studies show that 10-18% will experience another stroke within a year, and 20-34% within 3 years. African-Americans also die of stroke about two times more than whites do, due to their higher risk factors of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and sickle cell anemia. In addition, 4 million Americans are living with the effects of a stroke: 1/3 mild, 1/3 moderate, and 1/3 severe. Almost half of the people who are going to have a stroke have no symptoms prior to the time of stroke. The symptoms suffered depend on which part of the brain is affected. Some common symptoms experienced are: sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, or leg, paralysis down one side, sudden dimness or loss of vision, particularly in one eye, speech impairment or loss, confusion, inability to swallow, sudden severe headache with no known cause, dizziness, unsteadiness, or sudden falls. For some, the effects are more minor and last less than 24 hours. When this happens, doctors call it a mini-stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). For others, the effects are more severe, sometimes improving after a few weeks as other parts of the brain take over, sometimes leaving people permanently disabled. There are many things that put people at risk of having a stroke, and it is important to try and keep these to a minimum. Even though there are some risk factors that cannot be changed such as getting older, being male, fam ...

5 Peculiarities of the German Language

5 Peculiarities of the German Language You may have heard that German is a difficult and complex language to learn. This is true to some extent; however, much depends on the way the language is taught, the learner’s natural capacity for languages, and the amount of practice dedicated to it. The following peculiarities of the German language should not discourage you from studying German, but simply prepare you for what you will encounter. Remember, German is a very logically structured language, with many fewer exceptions than English. The key to your success in learning German will truly be as this old German adage states: ÃÅ"bung macht den Meister! (or, Practice makes perfect) The Difference Between a German Sausage and a Verb Why are we comparing a sausage to a verb? Simply because German verbs can be chopped and cut up just as  a German sausage can! In German, you can take a verb, chop off the first part, and place it at the end of a sentence. And in actuality, you can even do more to a German verb than what you can do with a sausage: you can insert another â€Å"part† (a.k.a. syllable) in the middle of a verb, add other verbs alongside it and even elongate it. How’s that for flexibility? Of course, there are some rules to this chopping business, which once you understand them, will be easy to apply. German Nouns Every German student loves this particular German-language peculiarity - all nouns are capitalized! This serves as a visual aid for reading comprehension and as a consistent rule in spelling. Further, German pronunciation pretty much follows the way it is written (though you need to know the peculiarities of the German alphabet first, see above), which makes German spelling not very difficult. Now to put a damper to all of this good news: Not all German nouns are inherently nouns and may, therefore, throw off the German writer at first as to whether to capitalize a word or not. For instance, verb infinitives can change into a noun and German adjectives can change into nouns. This role changing of words happens in the English language as well, for example when verbs change into gerunds. German Gender Most would agree, that this is the greatest hurdle of German grammar. Every noun in German is identified by grammatical gender. The der article is placed before masculine nouns, die before feminine nouns and das before neuter nouns. It would be nice if that was all there was to it, but German articles change, along with the endings of German adjectives, adverbs and nouns depending on the grammatical case they are in. For example, let’s take a look at the following sentence: Der Junge gibt der wà ¼tenden Mutter den Ball des Mdchens.(The boy gives to the angry mother the girl’s ball.) In this sentence, der wà ¼tenden Mutter acts as the indirect object, so it is dative; den Ball acts as the direct object, so it is accusative and des Mdchens is in the possessive genitive case. The nominative forms of these words were: die wà ¼tende Mutter; der Ball; das Mdchen. Almost every word was changed in this sentence. One very important point about German grammar gender is that nouns don’t necessarily follow the natural law of gender as we know it. For example, though die Frau (woman) and der Mann (man) are designated feminine and masculine respectively, das Mdchen (girl) is neuter. Mark Twain in his humorous account of â€Å"The Awful German Language† described this German grammar peculiarity in this way: Every noun has a gender, and there is no sense or system in the distribution; so the gender of each must be learned separately and by heart. There is no other way. To do this one has to have a memory like a memorandum-book. In German, a young lady has no sex, while a turnip has. Think what overwrought reverence that shows for the turnip, and what callous disrespect for the girl. See how it looks in print - I translate this from a conversation in one of the best of the German Sunday-school books:Gretchen: Wilhelm, where is the turnip?Wilhelm: She has gone to the kitchen.Gretchen: Where is the accomplished and beautiful English maiden?Wilhelm: It has gone to the opera. However, Mark Twain was wrong when he said that a student has to have â€Å"a memory like a memorandum-book.† There are some strategies that can help a German student figure out which gender a noun has. German Cases In German there are four cases: Der Nominativ (nominative)Der Genitiv/Wesfall (genitive)Der Akkusativ/Wenfall (accusative)Der Dativ/Wemfall (dative) Though all cases are important, the accusative and dative cases are the most widely used and should be learned first. There is a grammatical trend especially orally to use the genitive case less and less and replace it with the dative in certain contexts. Articles and other words are declined in various ways, depending on gender and grammatical case. The German Alphabet The German alphabet has a few differences from the English language. The very first (and perhaps most important) thing you need to know about the German alphabet is that there are more than twenty-six letters in the German alphabet.

Latino Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Latino Culture - Research Paper Example Further, Latinos have considerably different histories, cultural approaches and contemporary social problems (Suarez-Orozco & Paez, 2008). â€Å"Latinos are not a simple racial or ethnic group, but they are the product of a distinctive civil society† (Hayes-Bautista, 2005, p.5). Latinos are generally described by governmental policy models as: a racial group, a language group, a group with strong affilitation to their traditional culture, a dysfunctional minority group, or an urban underclass. However, the core element of Latinos is the continued presence of a Latino civil society, which provides Latino children with their initial experiences in the social world, teaches them right and wrong, duty, early concepts of civic responsibility, and first notions of personal identity. There is a great heterogeneity among the different groups of Latinos, their experiences depending on various factors such as â€Å"race, color, gender, socio-economic status, language, immigrant status, and mode of incorporation into the United States† (Suarez-Orozco & Paez, 2008, p.4). The social practices and cultural models of multiculturalism contribute to the experiences, perceptions and the range of behaviors of both immigrant and native-born Latinos in ways unprecedented during earlier large-scale immigration. The racial and ethnic categorization of Latinos has high stakes political and economic implications such as civil rights, equal opportunities, and affirmative action. Mainland Puerto Ricans and immigrant Dominicans indicate a high level of transnationalism, evident in the economic, political and cultural strategies adopted by diasporic people. They lead double lives with double loyalties, living alternately between their island and the mainland; remitting large sums of money to their homeland, continue to participate in political processes there, and periodically visit their homeland to maintain their social and cultural ties. Transnational behavior, and alternately

Expanding small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expanding small business - Essay Example Sam was told that the company should have adopted change management methods and planned change policies prior to bringing about change. According to Nelson and Winter (1982) routine interactions within the working environment forms the basis of organizational culture and a predictive pattern emerges. Deal and Kennedy 19820 describe it as â€Å"the way we do things here†. The importance of this routine is gaining importance as has been acknowledged by Cohen et al (1972) and Hedberg et al (1976. Topmost in handling change is to motivate the people to achieve the purpose of the change. This means highlighting the glorious future and contrasting it with the disgraceful past. However it has to be conveyed positively with rewards accompanying results. Effective communication will be required to generate support and participation at all levels. Teamwork and togetherness is the core issue here. To bring about active involvements in the procedure the employees have to be given a vision of the future. The vision requires standing up for fair practices with genuine efforts backed by world class products and to inform the customers that they could depend upon the company to be competitive and more efficient. The objectives are the values the vision creates and the value features are the consistent commitment to quality and service to be provided to the customers. For the change to be effective and for the realization of the company vision it is imperative that all the stakeholders support the various steps all along the way. The attempts have to be genuine and in common interest for benefits all round. The primary requirement is to have the knowledge of all sources of power in the company and to harness them and motivate them to work for a common goal. The ideal is to get them to agree on and obtain a consensus to avoid sudden conflicts of interest midway between any initiatives. It is often